It is sometimes difficult to find the right method of studying people in a place, especially when you are trying to collect something sensitive, intagible, and variable as cultural values. The best way to start, however, is to understand what tool kit or palette of techniques are available, and what works best in diverse fieldwork situation.
As researchers, we have had to decide what would work best in a range of settings and have adapted our methods to fit the specific site and problem.
Sometimes it was as simple as turning what was to be a focus group into a group interview when surrounded by a group of excited pre- teens or reworking an interview into a transect walk or bicycle ride with people on the move or exercising in a park.
The everyday circumstances of fieldwork make it necessary to be flexible and often creative when faced with problems such as people who don't want to talk.
Monday, December 5, 2011
pgs 101-126
Public urban beaches are places where more socially and culturally diverse populations encounter one anotherwhile engaging in a great variety of activities. In federal parks the government is required by law to cunsult the public and to consider the viability of cultural groups' life ways when managing and making major changes in a park.
Sea Shore parks play important roles in the continuity of cultural practices of a number of urban communuties ; they also support social sustainability and fortify democratic processes.
Yet, little has been written about the cultural ecologyof urban beaches.When beaches are discussed in scholary works, the focus is on the natural ecology of beaches, tourism, real estate value, and development Little is known about how beaches function as social places and as parts of the urban landscape.
Sea Shore parks play important roles in the continuity of cultural practices of a number of urban communuties ; they also support social sustainability and fortify democratic processes.
Yet, little has been written about the cultural ecologyof urban beaches.When beaches are discussed in scholary works, the focus is on the natural ecology of beaches, tourism, real estate value, and development Little is known about how beaches function as social places and as parts of the urban landscape.
pgs 69-100
In 1994 the public space research group was asked by the national park service to find out what local residents thought about building a bridge from liberty state park in new jersey to ellis island.Ellis island was the federal immigration station for the port of new york from 1892 to 1954. More than 12 million immigrants were processed there , and over 40 percent of all US citizens can trace their ancestry to those who came through the facility. In its early years , when the greatest number of immigrants arrived , Ellis island represented an open door policy to the growingcultural diversity in the USA .
After the passage of restrictive immigration laws in the 1920's, however, it became a place of assembly and often detainment.
Immigrants were required to pass a series of medical and legal examinations before they were allowed to enter, and those who could not pass the tests were deported.
After the passage of restrictive immigration laws in the 1920's, however, it became a place of assembly and often detainment.
Immigrants were required to pass a series of medical and legal examinations before they were allowed to enter, and those who could not pass the tests were deported.
pgs 37-68
In their sociability and informal layout, places of working class recreation continue to resemble the vernacular weekend resort, that lay out side every nineteenth century american town. This was an open space with trees, fields, and water at hand, used informally for recreational gatherings by the towns people on sunday afternoons.
Although such places have yielded to urbanization and to the evolution of leisure time activity, parts of brooklyn's Prospect park seem much like the old grove.
For instance, on the peninsula lies a pleasant field of two or three acres bordering the lake on one side and a placid stream on the other. A dirt path menders along the shore toward the woods beyond the field.
Families gather for picnics under the trees or to sit and look out at the water. Men and boys fish, young people play ball and children ride their bikes.
Although such places have yielded to urbanization and to the evolution of leisure time activity, parts of brooklyn's Prospect park seem much like the old grove.
For instance, on the peninsula lies a pleasant field of two or three acres bordering the lake on one side and a placid stream on the other. A dirt path menders along the shore toward the woods beyond the field.
Families gather for picnics under the trees or to sit and look out at the water. Men and boys fish, young people play ball and children ride their bikes.
Monday, November 28, 2011
project pg 10
It is optional to participate in Fountain House. It is important to be self motivated, since it is thus that one's work in the club house is meaningful. As a member you have rights and obligations as such. You choose the device you want to work and the employee that you would rather talk and colloberate.
You select themselves into the tasks you think you can take responsibility for large and small. depending on how you feel.
Members and staff participate in an equal partnership in solving the daily running of the house such as to administer, maintain the house, cook, receiving guests, community etc. Furthermore two members sits of the board and a member participating in job interviews.
Equal worth is not that we must have the same performance and similar roles. but everyone is an important part of the pulse in fountain house.
You select themselves into the tasks you think you can take responsibility for large and small. depending on how you feel.
Members and staff participate in an equal partnership in solving the daily running of the house such as to administer, maintain the house, cook, receiving guests, community etc. Furthermore two members sits of the board and a member participating in job interviews.
Equal worth is not that we must have the same performance and similar roles. but everyone is an important part of the pulse in fountain house.
project pg 9
The clubhouse is used mentoring principle, where you often work in pairs, where a more experienced support and train a less experienced. This increases confidence and self-esteem and the opportunity for personal development in both sides.
This means that you will be able to to take more responsibility . But assuming responsibility that extends beyond one self. This makes accountability in a sense disabled. You obtain a special signifigance.
Helping not only one self , helping others. An important part of life is indeed to pass something onto the benefit of others.
Important principles in daily life in fountain house. The work builds on the following fundemental principles
Volunteering
Equality
participation
use of resources
This means that you will be able to to take more responsibility . But assuming responsibility that extends beyond one self. This makes accountability in a sense disabled. You obtain a special signifigance.
Helping not only one self , helping others. An important part of life is indeed to pass something onto the benefit of others.
Important principles in daily life in fountain house. The work builds on the following fundemental principles
Volunteering
Equality
participation
use of resources
project pg 8
It is in working together, we break down the traditional roles, and this is where the members' sense of responsibility, participation and self-esteem builds up. The work- life trains members through daily routines , responsibility meeting the precision, concentration and ability to form social relationships.
Everyday life in a clubhouse built on a community where one is expected, wanted and needed. Fountain House model focuses on the work- life. Focus is on work, but it is also the relationships that grow through the working community, which has a central role.
In close cooperation occurs close relationships and we get to learn about each other. Through their work does one go about something that is both beneficial to one self and others.
Everyday life in a clubhouse built on a community where one is expected, wanted and needed. Fountain House model focuses on the work- life. Focus is on work, but it is also the relationships that grow through the working community, which has a central role.
In close cooperation occurs close relationships and we get to learn about each other. Through their work does one go about something that is both beneficial to one self and others.
project pg 7
Development opportunities or the concept of recovery here is not simply understood as personal development. Development opportunities include personal, social and work aspects that are mutually connected. It is precisely recovery in a meaningful context which is central to the fountain house model.
An important assumption in the fountain house model is that the man's identity is closely associated with having a meaningful job.
There is a belief that work , notably the ability to strive to employment is an evolving and reintegration of force in every human life. Every body has skills and talents which, when exploited can make your day worthwhile.
Work is a central concept in the rehabilitation .Employee student ratios are deliberately so low that it is impossible for the staff alone to perform their daily work.
An important assumption in the fountain house model is that the man's identity is closely associated with having a meaningful job.
There is a belief that work , notably the ability to strive to employment is an evolving and reintegration of force in every human life. Every body has skills and talents which, when exploited can make your day worthwhile.
Work is a central concept in the rehabilitation .Employee student ratios are deliberately so low that it is impossible for the staff alone to perform their daily work.
project pg 6
In addition the model consists of the following assumptions:
That every member can develop and get to lead a personally fulfilling life.
That everyone has resources and potentials in a safe and stimulating environment that can be developed and put to use for the benefit of both oneself and the clubhouse.
Work is an important identity factor in our lives and thus a central part in fountain house.
That social aspect is central to getting better.
Basic fountain house model is therefore a belief that people with longstanding mental illness has many development opportunities that can be developed through the work of fountain house.
That every member can develop and get to lead a personally fulfilling life.
That everyone has resources and potentials in a safe and stimulating environment that can be developed and put to use for the benefit of both oneself and the clubhouse.
Work is an important identity factor in our lives and thus a central part in fountain house.
That social aspect is central to getting better.
Basic fountain house model is therefore a belief that people with longstanding mental illness has many development opportunities that can be developed through the work of fountain house.
Sunday, November 27, 2011
project pg 5
A fountain house is a club house, which is structured in such a way that people with prolonged mental illness can get help to move forward in life by developing skills, be they personal, social as well as professional.
A fountain House is not a traditional medical establishment but a work place where equality. openness and care is paramount. Every day life is charachterized by an open atmosphere caring for each other.
Fountain House model is based on three messages:
to be expected
to be desired
to be necessary.
These three messages are the cornerstone of the fountain house model.
A fountain House is not a traditional medical establishment but a work place where equality. openness and care is paramount. Every day life is charachterized by an open atmosphere caring for each other.
Fountain House model is based on three messages:
to be expected
to be desired
to be necessary.
These three messages are the cornerstone of the fountain house model.
project pg 4
The cllubhouse modelof a psychosocial rehabilitation is a comprehensive and dynamic program of support and opportunities for people with severe and persistent mental illnesses. In contrast to traditional day- treatment and other day program models. , clubhouses patients are called members, not patients or clients and restorative activities focus on their strength and abilities , not their illnesses. The clubhouse is unique that it is not a clinical program, meaning there are no therepists or psychiatrists on staff.
All clinical aspects of the program have been removed so as to focus on the strengths of the individuals, rather than their illnesses. Additionally . all participants in the club house is strictly on a voluntary basis.
The international center for clubhouse development lays out four guaranteed rights of membership, which are at the core of the clubhouse model: 1. A right to a place to come
2 A right to a meaningful relationships
3 A right to meaningful work
4 A right to a place to return.
All clinical aspects of the program have been removed so as to focus on the strengths of the individuals, rather than their illnesses. Additionally . all participants in the club house is strictly on a voluntary basis.
The international center for clubhouse development lays out four guaranteed rights of membership, which are at the core of the clubhouse model: 1. A right to a place to come
2 A right to a meaningful relationships
3 A right to meaningful work
4 A right to a place to return.
pg 3
The clubhouse is a place for a member to meet, socialize, learn basic skills, and ready themselves for work. At fountain house members may start with one of the basic units such as the clerical unit.The clerical unit publishes daily and weekly newsletters written by the community. They also prepare bulk mailings, assist the accounting office with book keeping, member banking , accounting and filing. There is also a Horticulture unit where members maintain plants for the clubhouse, a dining room and snack bar where members prepare meals , order food and supplies , and serve meals. Members and staff work side by side in these units.
The ultimate goal of the clubhouse is to find meaningful independent work for the members. Clubhouses use two types of pre- emloyment programs to prepare the member for the work place.
The ultimate goal of the clubhouse is to find meaningful independent work for the members. Clubhouses use two types of pre- emloyment programs to prepare the member for the work place.
project pg 2
Fountain house has research that shows a decrease in the percent of patients hospitalized in a 2 year period from 77% to 37% in those who participated in the clubhouse. Members can enter the clubhouse at any stage of their recovery. Out patients don't need to be symptom free to join and participate in the clubhouse. Some patients come to fountainhouse and may only tolerate sitting on a couch for a few hours per day and yet others may be in a temporary job placement. at the local newspaper or museum.
The philosophy of the clubhouse model is that individuals with psychiatric disabilities have the right to work, have satisfying relationships and have adequate housings. Secondary to this philosophy clubhouses stress peer support, employment opportunities, and housing.
The philosophy of the clubhouse model is that individuals with psychiatric disabilities have the right to work, have satisfying relationships and have adequate housings. Secondary to this philosophy clubhouses stress peer support, employment opportunities, and housing.
project pg1
Psychosocial clubhouses are a form of psychosocial rehabilitation that focus on self help , freindship, emotional support, acceptance , recreational activities, housing and last but least, meaningful and gainful employment. The first clubhouse was started in NY city and is known as Fountain House. This was initiated by a social worker and a few patients who had been discharged from state hospitals. These patients had no support after discharge and were left to fend for themselves. Fountain House is now the model on which most clubhouses are based .
Clubhouse patients are called members. Membership is voluntary and very few individuals are turned away. Members comprise the body that governs the clubhouse. Decisions as to member joining , activities, and even the hire of staff are done by the members.
Clubhouse patients are called members. Membership is voluntary and very few individuals are turned away. Members comprise the body that governs the clubhouse. Decisions as to member joining , activities, and even the hire of staff are done by the members.
Tuesday, November 8, 2011
hand-out by giray suli
This paper is about city parks. There are some parks who get good grades and others don't. New york parks earned an average of b . An advocacy group studied the parks recently. The maintenance of drinking fountains and lawns could show room for improvement.
One park in harlem named Morning side park scored an 89 due to its well maintained pathways, playgrounds and courts. Another park in harlem; marcus garvey received a 69. Points were deducted for broken benches and remote paths containing condoms and syringes. Morningside park has a particularly strong freinds group, with more than 100 industrious volunteers.
New yorkers for parks said that if one thread ran through the most successful parks it was just such a volunteer network. The director of research sais that we can tell for the most part is that parks with active volunteers groups have overall better maintenence workers,
The parks department conducts its own maintenence inspections.Eight full time staff members perform inspections every two weeks and makes 5000 reports a year. Every park and playground is inspected at least once a year , with safety hazards given top priority. The surveyors , who fanned out during the summer of 2010, analyzed a dozen categories of the parks.; Athletic fields, bathrooms and drinking fountains.
One park in harlem named Morning side park scored an 89 due to its well maintained pathways, playgrounds and courts. Another park in harlem; marcus garvey received a 69. Points were deducted for broken benches and remote paths containing condoms and syringes. Morningside park has a particularly strong freinds group, with more than 100 industrious volunteers.
New yorkers for parks said that if one thread ran through the most successful parks it was just such a volunteer network. The director of research sais that we can tell for the most part is that parks with active volunteers groups have overall better maintenence workers,
The parks department conducts its own maintenence inspections.Eight full time staff members perform inspections every two weeks and makes 5000 reports a year. Every park and playground is inspected at least once a year , with safety hazards given top priority. The surveyors , who fanned out during the summer of 2010, analyzed a dozen categories of the parks.; Athletic fields, bathrooms and drinking fountains.
Sunday, October 23, 2011
zenner by giray suli
THe chapter by Zenner reflects urban and rural communities in 21st century. Zenner states that Urbanism is everywhere today. Zenner explores what this distinction meant in recent past and what it means todat. Until today it was convenient to classify communities as either urban or rural. The old disttinction between what is rural and what is urban is becoming much less relevant.
The human population of the world has changed during the 20th century from one that was predominately rural to one that is urban. Our 21st century world is a very different place from whewre our grandparents knew. Today the number of people involved in agriculture is diminishing throughout the world. This trend includes Africa, Middle East and Latin America and Asia.
Many places in the US today are not urban in the sense that there is a distinct city as opposed to the country side. This is in contrast to the model of preindustrial city, which was characteristically a walled settlement contaioning the main institutions of government religion, and trade. By the 19th century city walls had lost their original power, as factoriesgrew on thecity outskirts and avenues of stores replaced the traditional market area.
Most of the discussion of the transcendance of the old urban- rural distinctions has been grounded in examples from America. While the blurring of urban-rural differences is occuring throughout the world, communities are drawn into what we might call the global web of relationships in diverse ways,. One example is China. China is where the pace of industrialization and Urbanization picked up speed in the 1970's and has continued unabated. Millions of people in rural areas have moved into urban centers throughout the country.
The human population of the world has changed during the 20th century from one that was predominately rural to one that is urban. Our 21st century world is a very different place from whewre our grandparents knew. Today the number of people involved in agriculture is diminishing throughout the world. This trend includes Africa, Middle East and Latin America and Asia.
Many places in the US today are not urban in the sense that there is a distinct city as opposed to the country side. This is in contrast to the model of preindustrial city, which was characteristically a walled settlement contaioning the main institutions of government religion, and trade. By the 19th century city walls had lost their original power, as factoriesgrew on thecity outskirts and avenues of stores replaced the traditional market area.
Most of the discussion of the transcendance of the old urban- rural distinctions has been grounded in examples from America. While the blurring of urban-rural differences is occuring throughout the world, communities are drawn into what we might call the global web of relationships in diverse ways,. One example is China. China is where the pace of industrialization and Urbanization picked up speed in the 1970's and has continued unabated. Millions of people in rural areas have moved into urban centers throughout the country.
Shandy by giray suli
This is about the sudanese refugees sending money home. Shady, drawing on fieldwork conducted in both US and Ethiopia, investigated t he role of rtemittance, which is money sent by emigrants to family and friends in the home country - in creating connections between urban and rural places, and nations. Shandy finds that remittances are not merely a transfer of wealth between relatives Haves and Nots. Shandy focuses on the nuer refugees from Sudan.
Nuer are famous people in Anthropology. These people were included in books written by Evans- Pritchard. Nuer society has suffered devastating shifts in decades since Evans_Pritchard conducted his field work. This conflict in the Sudan frequently is attributed to social distinctions based on geography. Religion is also a factor in the conflict.
The population of the Sudan is estimated at fourty million. While it is difficult to develop reliable estimates for war induced displacements and deaths. It was calculated that two million people were were killed by North- South war and another 4 million displaced in Sudan. While some do manage to return home to visit the families left behind in most cases responding to the needs of family in Africa in values sendind money home.
With an understanding of who is sending money and how ,we can examine the impact of these funds on lives of Sudanese recipients in Ethiopia.These remittances do not just sustain people , they broker the possibilities for dramatic social change in the form of reconfigured residential patterns, local economies and power structures. The transformation of African societies and ways to access power within them has dominated African studies literatures since the mid 1960's. Within the chaotic social order, access to a remitting sponsor abroad has emerged as a marker of status and a promise of human society.
Nuer are famous people in Anthropology. These people were included in books written by Evans- Pritchard. Nuer society has suffered devastating shifts in decades since Evans_Pritchard conducted his field work. This conflict in the Sudan frequently is attributed to social distinctions based on geography. Religion is also a factor in the conflict.
The population of the Sudan is estimated at fourty million. While it is difficult to develop reliable estimates for war induced displacements and deaths. It was calculated that two million people were were killed by North- South war and another 4 million displaced in Sudan. While some do manage to return home to visit the families left behind in most cases responding to the needs of family in Africa in values sendind money home.
With an understanding of who is sending money and how ,we can examine the impact of these funds on lives of Sudanese recipients in Ethiopia.These remittances do not just sustain people , they broker the possibilities for dramatic social change in the form of reconfigured residential patterns, local economies and power structures. The transformation of African societies and ways to access power within them has dominated African studies literatures since the mid 1960's. Within the chaotic social order, access to a remitting sponsor abroad has emerged as a marker of status and a promise of human society.
miles by giray suli
This article concerns about families and transnational lives. Immigrants are often drawn to US cities by dreams of financial security and a better life. Transnationalism migration which brings people accross national borders to live and work, changes the economies and societies of both the places people leave and places people go to. This piece concerns one man from Ecuador named vicente. During the 1980's his family moved from a rural town to Cuenca third largest city in Ecuador.
Vicente's decision to follow thousands of other Ecuadorians to NY is due to his own decision of his future economic prospects, but also involves understanding and working through emotional dynamics of desire , fear , sadness and anger that occur when families are seperated. The US is associated with modernity and money, powerful currencies in a country like Ecuador where tradition has long been a means for perpetuating socialand economic hierchies.
When people are relegated to the margins of society , as the Quitascas family has been , the endless opportunities for employment in USA are very alluring.Vicente, eldest son in the family left to improve not only his own prospects but also his familiy's.
The Quistacas live in a country that has faced a series of political and economic crisis in the past decade that has left the nation politically and unstable crippled. The Quistacas also live in a city where access to basic opportunities is closely linked to family name and inherited connections. Although a certain hopelessness pervades their lives, they demonstrate a remarkable degree of recielency. Family members make stinging critiques of the social , political and economic conditions facing them, yet they also discuss importance of having personal goals and working toward achieving something meaningful in their lives.
Vicente's journey has been a tough one. His family worries that he will forget his culture and become more Americanized. Transnationalism migration is one way of sidestepping the effects of a poor economy. While the relative wealth and consumerism of transnationalism migrants and their families provide a jarring contrast to the image of Cuenca, a mid size city in Ecuador.
Vicente's decision to follow thousands of other Ecuadorians to NY is due to his own decision of his future economic prospects, but also involves understanding and working through emotional dynamics of desire , fear , sadness and anger that occur when families are seperated. The US is associated with modernity and money, powerful currencies in a country like Ecuador where tradition has long been a means for perpetuating socialand economic hierchies.
When people are relegated to the margins of society , as the Quitascas family has been , the endless opportunities for employment in USA are very alluring.Vicente, eldest son in the family left to improve not only his own prospects but also his familiy's.
The Quistacas live in a country that has faced a series of political and economic crisis in the past decade that has left the nation politically and unstable crippled. The Quistacas also live in a city where access to basic opportunities is closely linked to family name and inherited connections. Although a certain hopelessness pervades their lives, they demonstrate a remarkable degree of recielency. Family members make stinging critiques of the social , political and economic conditions facing them, yet they also discuss importance of having personal goals and working toward achieving something meaningful in their lives.
Vicente's journey has been a tough one. His family worries that he will forget his culture and become more Americanized. Transnationalism migration is one way of sidestepping the effects of a poor economy. While the relative wealth and consumerism of transnationalism migrants and their families provide a jarring contrast to the image of Cuenca, a mid size city in Ecuador.
foner by giray suli
This is about Transnationalism, new and old. Changes in technology communication and modes of transportation means that 21st century immigrants have many more options for staying in touch with their communities of origin. Foner expresses that the increasing globalization of business and industry has opened up spaces in which cross-boarder connections become positive assets for the immigrants and for their places of origin and destination.
Transnationalism is not new, even though it often seems as i f it were invented yesterday. When scholars began to write about transnationalism in 1990's, it was often treated as a contemporary phenomenon. By now, despite general agreement that transnationalism is not completely new , there has been not much exploration of what exactly it means. Transnationalism refers to the processes by which immigrants forge and sustain multi-stranded social relations that link together
their societies of origin and settlement
Like contemporary i mmigrants, russian jews and Italians in NY at the turn of the20th century established and sustained links to their home societies at the same time as they developed ties and connections to their new land. Many immigrants came to america with the notion that they would return eventually. Lack of economic security in Amreica and full acceptance plagued immigrants a century ago and may have fostered trheir continued involvement in and allegiance to their home society
Finally, lack of a cceptance in America then, as now, probably contributed to a desire to return. This fostered a continued identification with the home country or in case of the jews, a sense of belonging to a large diaspora population. Unfortunately rejections of immigrants on grounds of race has a long history. At the turn of the century the white population was seen as divided into many sharply distinguishable races.
Transnationalism is not new, even though it often seems as i f it were invented yesterday. When scholars began to write about transnationalism in 1990's, it was often treated as a contemporary phenomenon. By now, despite general agreement that transnationalism is not completely new , there has been not much exploration of what exactly it means. Transnationalism refers to the processes by which immigrants forge and sustain multi-stranded social relations that link together
their societies of origin and settlement
Like contemporary i mmigrants, russian jews and Italians in NY at the turn of the20th century established and sustained links to their home societies at the same time as they developed ties and connections to their new land. Many immigrants came to america with the notion that they would return eventually. Lack of economic security in Amreica and full acceptance plagued immigrants a century ago and may have fostered trheir continued involvement in and allegiance to their home society
Finally, lack of a cceptance in America then, as now, probably contributed to a desire to return. This fostered a continued identification with the home country or in case of the jews, a sense of belonging to a large diaspora population. Unfortunately rejections of immigrants on grounds of race has a long history. At the turn of the century the white population was seen as divided into many sharply distinguishable races.
kemper by giray suli
This chapter is about migration and adaptation. The early studies of migration focused on mass movements . The mass movement in particular was the movement of people from europe to the new world in the late 19th and twenteeth centuries. Early research focused on large economic and social forces such as land shortages.
In the 60's anthropologists began to pay more attention to individual migrants and their decision making and coping strategies. Today migrants are less likely to be viewed pawns automatically responding to large structural forces than as active agents who understand their situation and the alternatives open to them. Poor mexican peasants for example whose lands are neither large enough nor fertile do not migrate to nearest large cities or north USA. They have a number of alternatives to consider which includes working their land as best they can and remain at home while commuting to nearby town to work and finally move to a large city, leaving some family members at home but return at weekends.
By 2005, half of the world's population was living in cities In 1900 that figure had been just 13 percent, rising to 29 percent in 1950. Much of the increase in urban population especially in developing countries is comprised of migrants leaving farms and villages in search of better life in cities. Today about 12 percent of the US population were born in another country and immigrated to the US , with most having settled in cities.
In this chapter Kemper discusses types of adaptations that migrants make, how research on rural urban migration has been redirected to include a broader range of groups and issues than previously examined. He discusses how the concept of transnationalism is used to describe the interconnectivity and movement of migrants betweentheir homelands and host societies.
In the 60's anthropologists began to pay more attention to individual migrants and their decision making and coping strategies. Today migrants are less likely to be viewed pawns automatically responding to large structural forces than as active agents who understand their situation and the alternatives open to them. Poor mexican peasants for example whose lands are neither large enough nor fertile do not migrate to nearest large cities or north USA. They have a number of alternatives to consider which includes working their land as best they can and remain at home while commuting to nearby town to work and finally move to a large city, leaving some family members at home but return at weekends.
By 2005, half of the world's population was living in cities In 1900 that figure had been just 13 percent, rising to 29 percent in 1950. Much of the increase in urban population especially in developing countries is comprised of migrants leaving farms and villages in search of better life in cities. Today about 12 percent of the US population were born in another country and immigrated to the US , with most having settled in cities.
In this chapter Kemper discusses types of adaptations that migrants make, how research on rural urban migration has been redirected to include a broader range of groups and issues than previously examined. He discusses how the concept of transnationalism is used to describe the interconnectivity and movement of migrants betweentheir homelands and host societies.
witsoe by giray suli
This section is about caste, politics and criminality in urban india. The chapter examines the ways that democratic politics impacts everyday life in India through an examination of the relationships between politics, caste and criminal activity in putna. This is a mid sized city in north India, Situations in Patna reflected the changes brought by a politics of lower caste empowerment.
Urban India is often portrayed in the international press as the economic engine of an emerging superpower. It is a rapidly modernizing place with it's booming high sector, where traditional ties such as caste are rapidly dissolving in wake of globalization. The other side of urban life can be seen in the massive slums of mega cities. Industries related to the much outsourcing such as business process oursourcing and call centers, account for fewer than one million jobs in a country of one billion.
While Witsoe was living in Putna between 2000 and 2003, there was always a sense of unease as the sun began to descend in the evening with most people making sure that they are indoors before night time According to government stats, Bihar accounted for 26 percent of India's murder totals.The small city of Patna accounted for 40 percent of all murders with the use of firearms in Indian cities. Between 1992 and 2005 criminals groups carried out a reported 30.000 kidnappings in Bihar.
Although politicians from upper caste backgrounds dominated political life in Bihar for most of the post independence period, it's difficult now to imagine a future chief minister in Bihar from an uppewr caste background
Urban India is often portrayed in the international press as the economic engine of an emerging superpower. It is a rapidly modernizing place with it's booming high sector, where traditional ties such as caste are rapidly dissolving in wake of globalization. The other side of urban life can be seen in the massive slums of mega cities. Industries related to the much outsourcing such as business process oursourcing and call centers, account for fewer than one million jobs in a country of one billion.
While Witsoe was living in Putna between 2000 and 2003, there was always a sense of unease as the sun began to descend in the evening with most people making sure that they are indoors before night time According to government stats, Bihar accounted for 26 percent of India's murder totals.The small city of Patna accounted for 40 percent of all murders with the use of firearms in Indian cities. Between 1992 and 2005 criminals groups carried out a reported 30.000 kidnappings in Bihar.
Although politicians from upper caste backgrounds dominated political life in Bihar for most of the post independence period, it's difficult now to imagine a future chief minister in Bihar from an uppewr caste background
sokolovsky by giray suli
This section is about civic ecology, urban elders, and NY city's community garden movement. Community and garden would seem to be unlikely urban partners, and even less likely to be the subject of anthropological fieldwork. In NY's 500+ community gardens , older adults create spaces where they can share their knowledge and spend their free time., where young people can learn not only about food but their heritage.
Creating urban gardens on vacant public land has a long history in america. many people know about the victory gardens of the two world wars. Most have forgotten about the attempts of cities to help poor citizens grow food on vacant urban land during bad economic times. In europe, a less community orientated efforts called allotmeans system based on individual plots of land, was developed in the eighteen and nineteen century.
When most people think of green space in NY city, they conjure up manicured landscapes such as monumental public parks like central park. Today's community gardens represent a totally different relation to place, space, and power. Across contemporary NY city, citizens from poor and neglected neighborhoods have reversed this process by reclaiming abandoned public lands to civilize city- owned spaces that they saw as being very out of control.
In conclusion , while today's urban community gardens began under the kinds of direconomic circumstances that sparked greening efforts in early eras, they have not only persisted much longer but also have morphed into vital commuity building nodes of social inclusion. Using grassroots civic ecology to develop communities that are sustainable or care environments often requires specialized knowledge about the environment and means of making it usable, and meaningful to people of different ages and physical competence.
Creating urban gardens on vacant public land has a long history in america. many people know about the victory gardens of the two world wars. Most have forgotten about the attempts of cities to help poor citizens grow food on vacant urban land during bad economic times. In europe, a less community orientated efforts called allotmeans system based on individual plots of land, was developed in the eighteen and nineteen century.
When most people think of green space in NY city, they conjure up manicured landscapes such as monumental public parks like central park. Today's community gardens represent a totally different relation to place, space, and power. Across contemporary NY city, citizens from poor and neglected neighborhoods have reversed this process by reclaiming abandoned public lands to civilize city- owned spaces that they saw as being very out of control.
In conclusion , while today's urban community gardens began under the kinds of direconomic circumstances that sparked greening efforts in early eras, they have not only persisted much longer but also have morphed into vital commuity building nodes of social inclusion. Using grassroots civic ecology to develop communities that are sustainable or care environments often requires specialized knowledge about the environment and means of making it usable, and meaningful to people of different ages and physical competence.
Saturday, October 15, 2011
Virgil by giray suli
In this chapter we deal with gangs poverty and the future. James Virgil examines urban street gangs in the context of the neighborhoods where chicanos and the other ethnic groups are encounted in Los angeles CA. James has been examining the spanish neighborhoods of Los Angeles for thirty years. He suggests early prevention tactics are likely to be more beneficial and less costly.
Virgil learned that street gangs are the offspring of margilization. The effects of poverty in children's lives are clear, what they learn in streets shapes and molds them in powerful ways. The children of the poor are put at risk by factors over which they have no control : their family's living conditions, work conditions, work situations and also health problems.
With such structural barriers firmly in place , some young people learn to pursue alternative opportunity paths , many of which are illegal. Large Scale societal forces lead to economical instability and employment barriers, the fragmentation of social control material impoverishment and psychological strains among large segments of ethnic communities in Los Angeles.
Law enforcement and suppression already overtaxed as solution to a problem they did noy start,are having only moderate and uneven success in addressing the gang problems.Virgil states that it makes no difference how many jails we will build , are set aside for each new gang the current strategy has failed. What is needed today to address the gang problems and related social problems is a balance of prevention, intervention, and law enforcements.
Virgil learned that street gangs are the offspring of margilization. The effects of poverty in children's lives are clear, what they learn in streets shapes and molds them in powerful ways. The children of the poor are put at risk by factors over which they have no control : their family's living conditions, work conditions, work situations and also health problems.
With such structural barriers firmly in place , some young people learn to pursue alternative opportunity paths , many of which are illegal. Large Scale societal forces lead to economical instability and employment barriers, the fragmentation of social control material impoverishment and psychological strains among large segments of ethnic communities in Los Angeles.
Law enforcement and suppression already overtaxed as solution to a problem they did noy start,are having only moderate and uneven success in addressing the gang problems.Virgil states that it makes no difference how many jails we will build , are set aside for each new gang the current strategy has failed. What is needed today to address the gang problems and related social problems is a balance of prevention, intervention, and law enforcements.
burgois by giraysuli
Phillipe burgois shows that those who become drug dealers due to many reasons. One has to do with the quality of work which they find in the legitimate sector of the economy.drug dealers, as he shows have had legal jobs , but they but they find their relationships with their superiors in these jobs unsatisfactory. In the incidents described here, the young Puertorican felt unable to use the ways of behaving that they learned in el barrio in mainstream jobs.
Phillipe burgois lived in east harlem for approximately three years during the late 1980's and 90's.
He lived in a irregularly heated , rat filled tenement. This neighborhood was known as el barrio or spanish harlem. The majority of el barrio's 110, 600 puerto ricans and african americans residents fell into ranks of the working poor.
all the crack dealers and addicts he interviewed had worked at one or more legal jobs in their early youths.Most entered the labor market at a younger age than any other american. One example is Primo, the night manager at a video game arcade that sells five dollar vials of crack in the block where Phillipe lived, pursued a traditional working class dream in his early adolescence. Primo dropped out of Junior High School to work in a local garment factory due to support of his extended kin who were all immersed in a working class common sense.
The underground economy and the social relations thriving off it are best understood as logical products of US political and economical policies toward the poor. Most of the general public are not pursuaded by a structural economic understanding of Primo's self-destruction Social science research ignores the urgent social problems facing urban USA.
Phillipe burgois lived in east harlem for approximately three years during the late 1980's and 90's.
He lived in a irregularly heated , rat filled tenement. This neighborhood was known as el barrio or spanish harlem. The majority of el barrio's 110, 600 puerto ricans and african americans residents fell into ranks of the working poor.
all the crack dealers and addicts he interviewed had worked at one or more legal jobs in their early youths.Most entered the labor market at a younger age than any other american. One example is Primo, the night manager at a video game arcade that sells five dollar vials of crack in the block where Phillipe lived, pursued a traditional working class dream in his early adolescence. Primo dropped out of Junior High School to work in a local garment factory due to support of his extended kin who were all immersed in a working class common sense.
The underground economy and the social relations thriving off it are best understood as logical products of US political and economical policies toward the poor. Most of the general public are not pursuaded by a structural economic understanding of Primo's self-destruction Social science research ignores the urgent social problems facing urban USA.
Monday, October 10, 2011
goode by giray suli
In this chapter Goode seeks to refute stereotypes of poor people as irreational human beings who must be taught by govermental actions. She argues that the insights provided by urban athnopology have shown people that are ppor given their limited choices are just as rational in finding solutions to their problems.as are people in other social strata. Goode criticizes oscar lewis's cultire of poverty as legitimizing explanations of persistent poverty that lay theblame on pathological individual behavior and culture of thr poor.
Urban Anthropology has been involved in both generation and critique of myths about behavior of the poor.Goode explores the contributons of such anthropology toward humanizind poor people in the face of sensationalized accounts of pathological personalities and dysfunctional family structures.
Ethnograpy involves long-term close-up personal observation and listening to people in context of their everyday lives.THe belief that poor people are culturally removed from the mainstream found in allusions to a culture of poverty is an aspect of the culture or ideology of industrial capitalism. We will be examining some insights about living in poverty generated by Lewis and other anthropologists.
We are indebted to Lewis for demonstrating many of the ingenious material coping practices among poor Mexicans And Puertoricans.Rather than illustrating laziness and work avoidance ethnographers have discovered that making ends needs involves hard work skills and management skills. Explanig poverty by blaming poor peoples behaviors has a long history in western capitilization.
The depiction of life experiences of the poor illuminates the ways in which social structure , especiallythe wage-labor market and many of the social bureaucracies unintentionally work to perpetrate structural violence among the poor. Instead of working to reform the poor, ethnographic work argues for reforming these structures and building on the personal and social strengths of the poor people themselves.
Urban Anthropology has been involved in both generation and critique of myths about behavior of the poor.Goode explores the contributons of such anthropology toward humanizind poor people in the face of sensationalized accounts of pathological personalities and dysfunctional family structures.
Ethnograpy involves long-term close-up personal observation and listening to people in context of their everyday lives.THe belief that poor people are culturally removed from the mainstream found in allusions to a culture of poverty is an aspect of the culture or ideology of industrial capitalism. We will be examining some insights about living in poverty generated by Lewis and other anthropologists.
We are indebted to Lewis for demonstrating many of the ingenious material coping practices among poor Mexicans And Puertoricans.Rather than illustrating laziness and work avoidance ethnographers have discovered that making ends needs involves hard work skills and management skills. Explanig poverty by blaming poor peoples behaviors has a long history in western capitilization.
The depiction of life experiences of the poor illuminates the ways in which social structure , especiallythe wage-labor market and many of the social bureaucracies unintentionally work to perpetrate structural violence among the poor. Instead of working to reform the poor, ethnographic work argues for reforming these structures and building on the personal and social strengths of the poor people themselves.
seth low by giray suli
This section is about edge and center gated communities and discourse of urban fear. Seth Low talks about the fear that cause people to move even farther from urban centers. The historical division between rural and urban exacerbates this tendency by sorting researchers into seperate disciplinary and metholodgical camps. While residents living in gated communities may feel more secure behind their walls, this sense of safety at home increases their fears of the city that remains behind their gates.
A majority of people interviewed perceived an increase of crime in their urban neighborhoods before moving to a gated community. Eighteen of twenty people interviewed included discussions of residents' search for a sense of safety and security in their choice of gated community. One finding was that once people lived in a gated community they say that they would always choose a gated community again.
Field methods included open ended interviews with residents, participants - observation within and around the communities.The interviews lasted between one and two hours. The research team collected interviews from New York and San Antonio. In New York nine of ten interviewees spoke about urban crime as a reason for selecting a gated community Nine out of ten of interviewees are from local area and moved from ny city or nearby long island urban center. Nine of interviewees in San Antonio mention crime and fear of others as a reason for leaving. Residents of San Antonio ; Felicia and Donna worry about threats to their chicren. They describe how life would be better in gated communities.
In this chapter I learned about thr fears of people living in urban areas. Two areas dealing with urban fear include San Antonio and New York. I learned how much people prefer gated communities over other residential areas. I read about the kidnappings in San Antonio and robberies in New York.
A majority of people interviewed perceived an increase of crime in their urban neighborhoods before moving to a gated community. Eighteen of twenty people interviewed included discussions of residents' search for a sense of safety and security in their choice of gated community. One finding was that once people lived in a gated community they say that they would always choose a gated community again.
Field methods included open ended interviews with residents, participants - observation within and around the communities.The interviews lasted between one and two hours. The research team collected interviews from New York and San Antonio. In New York nine of ten interviewees spoke about urban crime as a reason for selecting a gated community Nine out of ten of interviewees are from local area and moved from ny city or nearby long island urban center. Nine of interviewees in San Antonio mention crime and fear of others as a reason for leaving. Residents of San Antonio ; Felicia and Donna worry about threats to their chicren. They describe how life would be better in gated communities.
In this chapter I learned about thr fears of people living in urban areas. Two areas dealing with urban fear include San Antonio and New York. I learned how much people prefer gated communities over other residential areas. I read about the kidnappings in San Antonio and robberies in New York.
gmelch and gmelch by giray suli
This article concerns about student fieldworkers in villages and cities. The chapter compares the research and field experiences of students studying in rural villages compared to those in cities.
Students doing fieldwork in cities have greater difficulty identifying a community. Village fieldworkers had more difficult time adjusting to thr culture. Gmelch and Gmelch give example of two places concerning fieldwork. Students from Ireland and Barbados were placed with local families, one student to a community.
Half of the worlds' population now lives in urban areas, about 70 percent will be city dwellers. Students abroad feel anxious and doubt their ability to make freinds in new settings. The students are intimidated by requirements of doing fieldwork. The days when cultural anthropologists studied small-scale societies are gone.
While field school students once did traditional ''people and places'' village ethnopography today they practice anthropology. One measure of adjustment in the field is culture shock anxiety and feelings of confusion people experience when forced to operate in new culture environment.
Finally the field school setting-village versus city does influence the conduct of fieldwork and the character of student ethnographers ' experiences. Students who do fieldwork in the city have greater difficulty than those in villages identifying a community and locating informants. Those students' personal adjustment is easier in the city . Whether in village or city all students benifited from living in and conducting researches in another culture.
Students doing fieldwork in cities have greater difficulty identifying a community. Village fieldworkers had more difficult time adjusting to thr culture. Gmelch and Gmelch give example of two places concerning fieldwork. Students from Ireland and Barbados were placed with local families, one student to a community.
Half of the worlds' population now lives in urban areas, about 70 percent will be city dwellers. Students abroad feel anxious and doubt their ability to make freinds in new settings. The students are intimidated by requirements of doing fieldwork. The days when cultural anthropologists studied small-scale societies are gone.
While field school students once did traditional ''people and places'' village ethnopography today they practice anthropology. One measure of adjustment in the field is culture shock anxiety and feelings of confusion people experience when forced to operate in new culture environment.
Finally the field school setting-village versus city does influence the conduct of fieldwork and the character of student ethnographers ' experiences. Students who do fieldwork in the city have greater difficulty than those in villages identifying a community and locating informants. Those students' personal adjustment is easier in the city . Whether in village or city all students benifited from living in and conducting researches in another culture.
Sunday, October 2, 2011
pgs. 171-184 giray suli
This chapter talks about urban structure and institutions. Wirth's approach on urbanism as a way of life was challenged by Anthropologists These anthropologists carried out researches in cities beyond America. We figured out that living in cities-whether Africa or Latin america it could be positive process for people.
Careful research in large and small cities around the world has shown that urban structures and institutions in these places are critical to the success or failure people encounter in cities. One of the first and most influential studies to reveal the powerful impact of urban structure belonged to Oscar Lewis. He demonstrated how social structure and institution especially family help people adapt to urban life.
The cultrure of poverty is both an adaption and a reaction of the poor to their marginal position in a class -stratified , highly individuated capitalistic society. The culture of poverty , however is not only adaption to a set of objective conditions of the larger society. Most frequently the culture of poverty develops when a stratified social and economic system is breaking down or is being replaced by another as in the case of the transition from feudalism to capitalism or during periods of rapid technological change,
I learned about the culture of poverty. I learned how Oscar Lewis played an important role in exploring Urban Life. Anthropologists argued Wirth's meaning of Urban Life. Also I learned that the future of poverty is in question.
Careful research in large and small cities around the world has shown that urban structures and institutions in these places are critical to the success or failure people encounter in cities. One of the first and most influential studies to reveal the powerful impact of urban structure belonged to Oscar Lewis. He demonstrated how social structure and institution especially family help people adapt to urban life.
The cultrure of poverty is both an adaption and a reaction of the poor to their marginal position in a class -stratified , highly individuated capitalistic society. The culture of poverty , however is not only adaption to a set of objective conditions of the larger society. Most frequently the culture of poverty develops when a stratified social and economic system is breaking down or is being replaced by another as in the case of the transition from feudalism to capitalism or during periods of rapid technological change,
I learned about the culture of poverty. I learned how Oscar Lewis played an important role in exploring Urban Life. Anthropologists argued Wirth's meaning of Urban Life. Also I learned that the future of poverty is in question.
Saturday, October 1, 2011
pgs. 157-169 giray suli
This chapter is about transportation and knowledge in Sao paulo. Pardue explores space and social difference in Sao paulo, Brazil.He argues that not only can people discover some traits about social class by understanding types of transportation like train , bus and automobile used by certain citizens, of course those involved in hip hop music scenes but also from very different maps of the city include with the modes of transportation.
Space is very important because it includes one of the most palpable idealogies of social difference and power.This reading reflects on the theory that social difference is spatialized and that we can approach this difference and it's social dynamics by focusing on meaning of transportation.It is crucial to know and remember that two main determining forces of modern Sao Paulo landscapes are industry and real estate capitalism.
Sao Paulo is a mega city , a chatic area with about 20 million people.One out of ten Brazilians live in Sao Paulo metro area. Pardue's experience in Sao Paulo has been dominated by fieldwork with local hip hoppers and graffiti artists. He's been also conquering various city spaces within this place called Sao Paulo.
Reading this chapter I learned that space is one of the most palpable ideologies of social difference and power. I also learned about facts about transportation in Sao Paulo I learned that Pardue did a good job on exploring Sao Paulo. Finally I learned how importation in Sao Paulo is important like in America.
Space is very important because it includes one of the most palpable idealogies of social difference and power.This reading reflects on the theory that social difference is spatialized and that we can approach this difference and it's social dynamics by focusing on meaning of transportation.It is crucial to know and remember that two main determining forces of modern Sao Paulo landscapes are industry and real estate capitalism.
Sao Paulo is a mega city , a chatic area with about 20 million people.One out of ten Brazilians live in Sao Paulo metro area. Pardue's experience in Sao Paulo has been dominated by fieldwork with local hip hoppers and graffiti artists. He's been also conquering various city spaces within this place called Sao Paulo.
Reading this chapter I learned that space is one of the most palpable ideologies of social difference and power. I also learned about facts about transportation in Sao Paulo I learned that Pardue did a good job on exploring Sao Paulo. Finally I learned how importation in Sao Paulo is important like in America.
Monday, September 26, 2011
pgs 101-118 giray suli
In this chapter written by wirth he talks about urbanism as way if life. He states the difference between urbanism and ruralism.He doesen't give that much attention to how important variations among population are in urban areas.
I will also discuss about the growth of cities and urbanization. Growth of cities was studied carefully by Wirth. It is impossible to figure out how precisely the world population of 1.8 billion is urban. Wirth states that the world's population is verty unevenly distributed.
He argues that countries recently industrialized has effected world population. He sais that people should not expect variations between rural and urban types of personality. He also sais that because of social life reflects folk , Large population recruits fron countryside.
I learned that Urban as away of life. Urbanism is identified with physical entity of a city. We talked about the difference between rural and urban. I learned that the world is unevenly distributed and causes problems for populations.
I will also discuss about the growth of cities and urbanization. Growth of cities was studied carefully by Wirth. It is impossible to figure out how precisely the world population of 1.8 billion is urban. Wirth states that the world's population is verty unevenly distributed.
He argues that countries recently industrialized has effected world population. He sais that people should not expect variations between rural and urban types of personality. He also sais that because of social life reflects folk , Large population recruits fron countryside.
I learned that Urban as away of life. Urbanism is identified with physical entity of a city. We talked about the difference between rural and urban. I learned that the world is unevenly distributed and causes problems for populations.
pg.119-130 giray suli
Louis Wirth has been investing the urban way of life. He is talking about life in a neighborhood of strangers. He insists that way of life is characterized by relationship with two strangers. He makes interesting observations.
Wirth argues that social boundaries makes room for crimes. Awareness of danger comes from belief that they live in a world of dangerous strangers. Some people in urban areas live in fear and expect the worst. A city is a place for strangers. Fear of danger causes some people from close ties to social groups such as families,.
Wirth has been studying life in high crime neighborhoods. He found out that in a housing project which he was investing the impact of ethnic groups like black, hispanicsand chinese he found out that in this project of his he discovered that each ethnic group had different perception on living conditions of housing projects.
I find it interesting reading about urban danger. I 've learned about different ethnic groups from housing projects. I found out two incidents from reading this to be interesting. A white man packs his suitcase without anyone noticing as he went into the dark. One more incident is when a chinese woman never return to her home after dark.
Wirth argues that social boundaries makes room for crimes. Awareness of danger comes from belief that they live in a world of dangerous strangers. Some people in urban areas live in fear and expect the worst. A city is a place for strangers. Fear of danger causes some people from close ties to social groups such as families,.
Wirth has been studying life in high crime neighborhoods. He found out that in a housing project which he was investing the impact of ethnic groups like black, hispanicsand chinese he found out that in this project of his he discovered that each ethnic group had different perception on living conditions of housing projects.
I find it interesting reading about urban danger. I 've learned about different ethnic groups from housing projects. I found out two incidents from reading this to be interesting. A white man packs his suitcase without anyone noticing as he went into the dark. One more incident is when a chinese woman never return to her home after dark.
Tuesday, September 20, 2011
I studied about the people of west 47th street in manhattan.They are the people of fountain house. The predominant feature that they all have in common is that they all struggle with mental illness.
As a member of fountain house myself I relate to why I come there. Fountain house people come in all sizes and shapes and races.There are blacks , whites and hispanics. They all have one thing in common is that they all come to fountain house to call it their second home and take advantage of the activities.These people all have different diagnosis and are lucky to have a place like that.
Fountain house was founded in 1943. Membership in fountain house is open to anyone with history of mental illness. There is no age limit. All clubhouse services are free of charge to members. Over its long history fountain house served more than 16,000 indivividuals.. More trhen 40 percent of the membership is non-caucasion, 33percent non-hispanic african american, 8 percent latino and 4 percent asian.
I enjoy going to fountain house and meeting people with different races .47th street is a place for opportunities for mentally ill. Without 47th street life would be more hard for the mentally ill.
giray suli
As a member of fountain house myself I relate to why I come there. Fountain house people come in all sizes and shapes and races.There are blacks , whites and hispanics. They all have one thing in common is that they all come to fountain house to call it their second home and take advantage of the activities.These people all have different diagnosis and are lucky to have a place like that.
Fountain house was founded in 1943. Membership in fountain house is open to anyone with history of mental illness. There is no age limit. All clubhouse services are free of charge to members. Over its long history fountain house served more than 16,000 indivividuals.. More trhen 40 percent of the membership is non-caucasion, 33percent non-hispanic african american, 8 percent latino and 4 percent asian.
I enjoy going to fountain house and meeting people with different races .47th street is a place for opportunities for mentally ill. Without 47th street life would be more hard for the mentally ill.
giray suli
Monday, September 12, 2011
urban anthropology
This article is about net works, neighboehoodsand markets. We will be discussing the capitol of japan which is tokyo.Tokyo is avery populated city.Tokyo has about 25 million people This is 20% of japan's population.
Tokyo prides itself on being the canter of contempory japanese life.In terms of politics, education arts and fashion it is rich in those areas.Tokyo is considered a manageble and comfortable urban environment. Tokyo is also rich in social life Theodore was researching a particular neighborhood they were called Miyaneta-che. He also researched the marketplace of tokyo. He found out how rich tokyo's marketplace is.
I was very interested in reading this article.I learned alot about tokyo.I learned about the marketplace and networks of tokyo.I would want to resarch tokyo myself.
Tokyo prides itself on being the canter of contempory japanese life.In terms of politics, education arts and fashion it is rich in those areas.Tokyo is considered a manageble and comfortable urban environment. Tokyo is also rich in social life Theodore was researching a particular neighborhood they were called Miyaneta-che. He also researched the marketplace of tokyo. He found out how rich tokyo's marketplace is.
I was very interested in reading this article.I learned alot about tokyo.I learned about the marketplace and networks of tokyo.I would want to resarch tokyo myself.
first journal entry
This article is about anthropological fieldwork in cities.Anthropologists are exploring problems and advantages encountered in doing urban research.Robert Kemper and George Foster show the living conditions of minorities in rural areas.These people include peasants and tribes.
Anthropologists believethat the most complete information on how people live comes from direct participation in gathering information.Anthropologists are new to the study of urban resaarch.Anthropologists believed that the best and accurate data comes from people who like them.In growing numbers American anthropologists traveled to latin america, europe,asia and africastudying tribal peoples, but most chose to work in small rural communitiesin developing nations.Anthropologists researchinr people in urban areas learned about the sufferings of the people there.
I've learned how interested Anthropologists are in urban research and they are very dedicated.I am very interested in this article. I would like to interview people in urban areas my self. I've learned about the living conditions of people in urban areas and found it interesting.
I understand that anthropologists always view urban populations from rural point of view. They just look upon them as transplanted villagers.Urban anthropologists reflect a rural bias. Most best data comes from relationships rural field workers have cherished.
Anthropologists believethat the most complete information on how people live comes from direct participation in gathering information.Anthropologists are new to the study of urban resaarch.Anthropologists believed that the best and accurate data comes from people who like them.In growing numbers American anthropologists traveled to latin america, europe,asia and africastudying tribal peoples, but most chose to work in small rural communitiesin developing nations.Anthropologists researchinr people in urban areas learned about the sufferings of the people there.
I've learned how interested Anthropologists are in urban research and they are very dedicated.I am very interested in this article. I would like to interview people in urban areas my self. I've learned about the living conditions of people in urban areas and found it interesting.
I understand that anthropologists always view urban populations from rural point of view. They just look upon them as transplanted villagers.Urban anthropologists reflect a rural bias. Most best data comes from relationships rural field workers have cherished.
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